​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Chromoblastomycosis ( Fonsecaea, Cladosporium, Phialophora)

​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Chromoblastomycosis ( Fonsecaea, Cladosporium, Phialophora) 
Chromoblastomycosis is a fungal infection caused by many types of soil fungi (Fonsecaea, Cladosporium, Phialophora) that are commonly found in tropical regions. This infection is infrequently observed in the United States. The majority of infections typically manifest in the feet and lower extremities of those who do not wear footwear.
 
Chromoblastomycosis is defined by the gradual formation of wartlike growths that eventually transform into a cauliflower-like appearance at the site of infection.

Chromoblastomycosis lesions display an inflammatory reaction characterized by the presence of keratinolytic microabscesses and an increase in the number of epithelial cells. The examination of skin scrapings in a KOH preparation shows the presence of copper-colored cells known as sclerotic (muriform) bodies, which are highly indicative of chromoblastomycosis.
 
Chromoblastomycosis can be treated through surgical removal or with the administration of flucytosine or itraconazole. Wearing shoes is a precautionary measure.

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