​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology -Common Cold (Rhinovirus) Common Cold

​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology -Common Cold  (Rhinovirus) 
Common  Cold
The most prevalent cause of the common cold is rhinoviruses. Hand-to-nose or hand-to-eye contact with contaminated respiratory secretions or respiratory droplets is how rhinoviruses are spread.
There are over 100 identified rhinovirus serotypes, and rhinoviruses are found all over the world.

A two- to three-day incubation period, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, headache, moderate pharyngitis, coughing, and little to no fever are the hallmarks of the common cold.
After a week, the symptoms usually go away without any problems.

 Rhinoviruses connect to the intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) receptor to enter cells in the nasopharynx. Replication of the virus is restricted to nose epithelial cells and is expelled by respiratory secretions. The virus mostly affects respiratory epithelial cells without causing much harm. The primary pathophysiology of rhinovirus infections is linked to chemical mediators of inflammation (prostaglandins, bradykinin), which induce mucus secretion, vasodilation, and stimulation of the cough and sneeze reflexes.

Most often, people self-diagnose the common cold.
There isn't a vaccine or medication to stop rhinovirus colds. Hand washing is a successful preventative measure.