​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Dengue Fever ( Dengue Virus)

​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Dengue Fever ( Dengue Virus) 
Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus, which is a flavivirus. Biting infected insects spread dengue fever. Except for imported instances in tourists from endemic areas, the United States is not home to dengue viruses. However, they are endemic in Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and the Caribbean islands.

 Headache, pain behind the eyes, rash, muscle soreness, and deep bone pain ("breakbone fever"). Dengue fever is a sudden, high-temperature illness. Dengue fever is extremely unusual to cause death, regardless of its severity. Approximately 10% of people infected with dengue fever will develop dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which is marked by the progression of dengue fever symptoms to prostration, gastrointestinal and cutaneous hemorrhages, shock, coma, and death.

After a mosquito bites a host, the dengue virus enters the bloodstream and multiplies, eventually infecting monocyte-macrophage cells in the vasculature. Dengue fever can be lessened and its effects lessened over time with the help of serum antibodies and cell-mediated immunity.
The immunopathologic basis of dengue hemorrhagic fever-shock syndrome is marked by the activation of lymphocytes, the production of cytokines, the activation of complement, and tissue destruction.

Antibodies that are unique to dengue viruses can identify an infection.
 Dengue virus does not yet have a vaccine or particular therapy. An essential preventative step is mosquito vector management.

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