​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Gastroenteritis ( Campylobacter jejuni)

​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Gastroenteritis ( Campylobacter jejuni) 
Gastroenteritis 
Campylobacter jejuni is a comma-shaped, motile, Gram-negative rod.
A prevalent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. Animals act as reservoirs, particularly chickens. Consuming tainted food or water can lead to human infection.
It is clinical C jejuni that produces dysentery as well as watery diarrhea. Usually, the symptoms go away on their own within one to two weeks.

During convalescence, immunoreactive sequelae such erythema nodosum, Reiter disease, reactive arthritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Fisher syndrome may manifest.

An enterotoxin is assumed to be the cause of watery diarrhea. Cellular invasion and destruction—likely facilitated by a cytotoxin and the host's inflammatory response—cause dysentery. Acute idiopathic polyneuritis, often known as Guillain-Barré syndrome, is an uncommon peripheral nerve system ailment that can develop two to three weeks following a feverish illness. Guillain-Barré syndrome is suspected to be caused by C jejuni infection in 20%–40% of patients. Antibodies against the core lipopolysaccharide on Campylobacter that cross-reacts with host gangliosides are considered to be produced in response to the sickness.

Growing C. jejuni is challenging, requiring specific growth media and environmental factors like higher temperatures, decreased oxygen levels, and higher carbon dioxide levels. Because of this, C jejuni infections are frequently misdiagnosed.
The length of the illness can be reduced with treatment and antibiotics such ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, azithromycin, or erythromycin.

It is essential to wash your hands after handling raw poultry, wash your cutting boards and utensils after coming into contact with them, and cook your fowl thoroughly.