Pathology - Acute and Subacute Endocarditis
The causes of acute and subacute endocarditis Acute: Frequently triggered by Staphylococcus aureus. Subacute infections are frequently attributed to viridans streptococci, such as Streptococcus mutans. These infections commonly manifest following dental operations. Study of the nature and causes of diseases. Acute: The presence of sizable masses made up of fibrin, inflammatory cells, and bacteria on valves that were previously normal. Subacute refers to the presence of small vegetations on defective valves, which are composed of fibrin, chronic inflammatory cells, and fibrosis. Symptoms and signs Acute: Abrupt elevation in body temperature accompanied by shivering: recent appearance of abnormal heart sound Subacute: Characterized by a gradual and subtle beginning accompanied by a mild elevation in body temperature. Both types of presentations may include Osler nodes (painful nodules on the pads of the fingers or toes), Janeway lesions (red rash on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet), Roth spots (white patches on the retina with surrounding bleeding), nail-bed splinter hemorrhages, and bacteremia. Possible complications including chordae tendinee rupture, valvular leaflet perforation, heart failure, suppurative pericarditis, mycotic aneurysms, and septic emboli to the lung, spleen, kidney, heart, or brain. Treatment for acute cases typically involves the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. Subacute: Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics for treatment. Use antibiotics as a preventive measure against bacterial endocarditis in persons who are susceptible before undergoing dental treatments. Tricuspid valve endocarditis is linked to intravenous drug usage. Nonbacterial endocarditis is linked to sterile emboli and is observed in cases of cancer metastasis or renal failure (known as marantic endocarditis), SLE (referred to as Libman-Sacks endocarditis, characterized by the presence of vegetation on both sides of the valve), DIC, or carcinoid disease.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Kembara XtraFacts about medicine and its subtopic such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology and surgery. Categories
All
|