​Pathology - Adenomatous Polyps of the Colon

​Pathology - Adenomatous Polyps of the Colon 
Linked to a hereditary tendency (perhaps related to a mutation of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 5).
Found in 35% of persons over 50 years old.
Tubular adenomas account for 75% of cases. Typically located in the colon; tiny and pedunculated with a stalk. Dysplastic epithelium exhibiting hyperchromatic nuclei and disorientation of cells.
Tubulovillous adenomas make for 15% of cases. Similar to tubular adenomas, however the surface is lined with fingerlike villi. resembling villous adenomas
Villous adenomas (10%): Typically located in the rectum or sigmoid colon, these polyps are broad-based (sessile) and contain many fingerlike villi with dysplastic columnar epithelium.

Clinical Symptoms 
Typically without symptoms but can lead to rectal bleeding, perhaps resulting in iron deficiency anemia. 
Linked to a higher likelihood of developing colorectal adenocarcinoma, particularly in cases including villous adenomas.

Therapy 
Colonoscopy to remove adenomatous polyps, surgery to remove big sessile lesions, and follow-up colonoscopy every 3-5 years.
Aspirin and NSAIDs are employed to reduce the occurrence of adenomas and colorectal cancer.