Pathology - Aortic regurgitation
Rheumatic heart disease is one of the causes. infective endocarditis, dilatation of ascending aorta linked with hypertension and increasing age, Marfan syndrome, syphilitic aortitis, and ankylosing spondylitis Insufficient valve results in volume overload of L V leading to concomitant LV hypertrophy and dilatation. Volume overload causes an increase in stroke volume, which in turn leads to hyperdynamic pulses and broadened pulse pressure. Clinical Presentation Exhibits dyspnea with exertion and experiences shortness of breath The cardiac examination reveals a gentle, high-pitched, blowing sound during the relaxation phase of the heart's cycle, which gradually decreases in intensity. This sound is most audible at the left sternal border when the patient leans forward. Additionally, the first heart sound is faint. Chronic aortic regurgitation is linked to an increased pulse pressure, a forceful pulse known as water hammer pulse, visible pulsations in the capillaries of the nail beds (Quincke sign), and a back-and-forth murmur across the remoral artery. The Duroziez sign Complications may arise, such as the occurrence of severe left ventricular failure. Therapy Management of hypertension; administration of diuretics for the treatment of heart failure if present; consideration of valve and/or aortic root replacement in patients with severe aortic regurgitation, symptoms, or considerable left ventricular dilatation.
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