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Pathology - Chronic Bronchitis
Chronic irritation can be caused by smoking, pollutants, or illness.
Lung: Submucosal gland hyperplasia resulting in elevated mucus production and an increase in goblet cells.
Chronic productive cough lasting for a minimum of 3 months during a period of 2 or more years: The term "blue bloaters" is used to describe a condition called cyanosis, which is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin. Other symptoms associated with this condition include difficulty breathing (dyspnea) and a whistling sound when breathing (wheezing).
Complications may involve cor pulmonale. Pulmonary function test (PFT) results: The individual has an elevated residual volume and total lung capacity, together with a reduced ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity. Additionally, the Reid Index indicates that the size of the mucous glands has increased by more than 50%.
Therapy
Methods for quitting smoking include the use of oxygen, inhaled anticholinergics and/or B-agonists, or inhaled steroids.
Chronic bronchitis is a kind of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Chronic irritation can be caused by smoking, pollutants, or illness.
Lung: Submucosal gland hyperplasia resulting in elevated mucus production and an increase in goblet cells.
Chronic productive cough lasting for a minimum of 3 months during a period of 2 or more years: The term "blue bloaters" is used to describe a condition called cyanosis, which is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin. Other symptoms associated with this condition include difficulty breathing (dyspnea) and a whistling sound when breathing (wheezing).
Complications may involve cor pulmonale. Pulmonary function test (PFT) results: The individual has an elevated residual volume and total lung capacity, together with a reduced ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity. Additionally, the Reid Index indicates that the size of the mucous glands has increased by more than 50%.
Therapy
Methods for quitting smoking include the use of oxygen, inhaled anticholinergics and/or B-agonists, or inhaled steroids.
Chronic bronchitis is a kind of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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