Pathology - Diverticular Disease (Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis)
Diverticulosis is the formation of diverticula due to elevated pressure in the intestine and weakened intestinal wall, typically found in those over 60 years old and linked to a low-fiber diet. Diverticulitis is inflammation of diverticula, typically caused by impacted fecal debris, and it affects 10%-25% of individuals with diverticula. Study of diseases Diverticula are blind pouches that branch off from the alimentary tract and connect with the gut lumen. They are typically false diverticula, caused by the herniation of mucosa through weak spots in the muscle layer, but can also be true diverticula, made up of mucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Microscopic findings show mucosa that is atrophic with a thin muscularis propria. Diverticulosis is the condition of having several diverticula, typically found in the sigmoid colon. Diverticulitis: Diverticulitis with inflammatory infiltration and edema Clinical Symptoms Diverticulosis typically has no symptoms but may cause mild stomach pain and visible blood in the stool without white blood cells or cells from the intestinal lining. Diverticulitis is characterized by symptoms such as fever, persistent cramp-like pain in the lower left part of the abdomen, and potentially the presence of bright red blood in the stool. Complications may involve perforation, abscess development, and obstruction. peritonitis and fistula formation Treatment for diverticulosis includes a high-fiber diet and psyllium fiber laxatives. Treatment for diverticulitis includes antibiotics, a high-fiber diet, and colonic resection may be necessary for recurrent occurrences.
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