​Pathology - Giant Cell Arteritis

​Pathology - Giant Cell Arteritis 
Giant-Cell Arteritis The cause of this condition is still unknown, although it has been postulated that it may be due to T-cell-mediated damage.
Typically, this condition mostly impacts those over the age of 50 and is more prevalent among women.

Pathology  
Gross Pathology: Impacts arteries of small to medium size, typically branches of the carotid artery, particularly the temporal artery.
Study of cellular and tissue abnormalities at a microscopic level. The medium is experiencing granulomatous inflammation characterized by the presence of mononuclear infiltration and large cells.

Clinical manifestations and indications 
The patient presents with a throbbing headache on one side of the head, accompanied by sensitive nodules along the path of the temporal artery. They also have pain in the jaw when chewing, as well as reduced eyesight due to blockage of the ocular artery.
Systemic polymyalgia rheumatica, characterized by pain and stiffness in proximal muscles (such as shoulder and pelvic muscles), is observed in 50% of patients, with the symptoms being most typically experienced in the mornings.
Laboratory results: Significantly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Treatment: Corticosteroids