Pathology - Hypernatremia

Pathology - Hypernatremia 
Pathophysiology 
Serum sodium disorders can coexist with high, low, or normal ECF volume status and are indicative of issues with water balance. Since hypernatremia is a hyperosmolar condition, water is drawn out of the cells. Due to neuronal cell shrinking, acute hypernatremia causes CNS symptoms, such as irritability in this instance. Thirst and the urine-concentrating mechanism are the body's natural defenses against hypernatremia. Hypernatremia is most frequently caused by conditions affecting the kidneys' capacity to concentrate blood (such as diabetes insipidus) or by a lack of access to water. By concentrating her pee, this patient is evoking the proper physiological response. The issue here is the incapacity to drink water and insensible water loss (skin, respiratory system) above what is being provided intravenously. The patient's lack of cardiovascular symptoms indicates that they are either euvolemic or minimally hypovolemic. Administration of hypotonic fluid is the treatment.