​Pathology - Myasthenia Gravis

​Pathology - Myasthenia Gravis 
Resulting from antibodies targeting the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
Linked to thymoma, thymic hyperplasia, or other autoimmune diseases.
Most commonly occurs in women under 40 years old.

Neuromuscular junction is affected by a decrease in acetylcholine receptors and the presence of immune complexes and complement factors.


Pathophysiology: Antibodies cause degradation of acetylcholine receptors, resulting in a near-complete inhibition of synaptic transmission.

Initial symptoms often include ptosis or diplopia caused by extraocular muscle weakness, which can progress with exhaustion. Other often affected muscles, such as those in the extremities or face, may also experience easy tiredness. 

Diagnosis was verified through improvement following the injection of a short-acting anticholinesterase (edrophonium).

Laboratory results: Presence of antibodies targeting cholinergic receptors.

Treatment includes anticholinesterase medications such as pyridostigmine, thymectomy, immunosuppression, and plasmapheresis in cases of severe flare.