​Pathology - Rapidly Progressive (Crescentic) Glomerulonephritis

​Pathology - Rapidly Progressive (Crescentic)  Glomerulonephritis
Type 1: Idiopathic or Goodpasture syndrome.
Type 2 (immune complex) glomerulonephritis can be caused by idiopathic factors, postinfectious conditions, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), IgA nephropathy, and Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
Category 3 (pauci-immune type): Conditions include idiopathic, Wegener granulomatosis, and microscopic polyangiitis.

Pathology 
Light microscopy shows the formation of a crescent-moon shape between the Bowman capsule and glomerular tuft. This is caused by the deposition of fibrin in the Bowman space and the proliferation of parietal epithelial cells of the Bowman capsule.

Clinical Symptoms 
Presence of nephritic syndrome characterized by hematuria, hypertension, and azotemia.
Signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause, such as hemoptysis and anti-GBM antibodies in Goodpasture syndrome.

Therapy 
Administer diuretics and ACE inhibitors; consider immunosuppression with steroids or cytotoxic medicines based on the underlying reason; dialysis or transplant may be necessary.
Patients typically progress quickly to end-stage renal failure necessitating dialysis.
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a condition characterized by significant and advancing damage to the glomeruli. It includes various causes.