​Pharmacology - Captopril

​Pharmacology - Captopril 
The action of captopril 
The vasoconstrictor tone is decreased, and the cardiac load is decreased, which results in a reduction in blood pressure.

Mode of Action 
The angiotensin-converting enzyme is inhibited, which results in a decrease in the production of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II.
This leads to a decrease in aldosterone secretion, which in turn leads to an increase in the excretion of salt and water, which in turn leads to a decrease in plasma volume and cardiac load.

All are administered orally. The half-life of captopril is approximately two hours. The half-life of lisinopril is twelve hours. Enalapril is a prodrug that is transformed into an active moiety by enzymes found in the liver.

Use in Clinical Settings 
High blood pressure, heart failure, ventricular dysfunction after a myocardial infarction, and diabetic nephropathy are all known medical conditions.

Adverse Effects 
Hypotension, dry cough, and angioedema are all symptoms. Kidney failure is a possibility.

When potassium-sparing diuretics are used, hyperkalemia is a potential side effect. The dry cough and angioedema are symptoms that are brought on by the medications that stimulate the kallikrein-kinin system, which causes bradykinin to be produced.