TECHNOLOGY 

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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATM:
ATM can refer to two different technologies. The first meaning is Asynchronous Transfer Mode, a high-speed network technology capable of transmitting different types of data such as voice, video, audio, and traditional data traffic in real time. In ATM networks, data is divided into fixed-size packets called cells, each containing 53 bytes—5 bytes of routing information and 48 bytes of actual data. These cells are transmitted across the network at speeds ranging from 1.5 Mbps to 622 Mbps and are reassembled at the destination. ATM technology supports efficient use of network resources by allowing cells from different users to be transmitted asynchronously.


The second meaning of ATM is Automated Teller Machine, a specialized banking terminal that allows customers to perform financial transactions such as withdrawing cash, depositing money, or checking account balances without the need for a bank teller.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – Athlon:
Athlon is a family of x86-compatible processors introduced by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) in 1999 as the successor to the AMD-K6 processor line. Designed to compete with high-performance Intel Pentium III processors, the Athlon processor contains over 22 million transistors and features a fully pipelined, superscalar floating-point engine that improves performance for graphics, multimedia applications, streaming media, and computer games. It uses a 200-MHz system bus and includes a 128-KB Level-1 cache, while supporting up to 8 MB of Level-2 cache. Early Athlon processors operated at speeds from 500 MHz to 650 MHz, with later versions reaching 800 MHz and beyond. The processor supports 32-bit programs and is compatible with several operating systems including Microsoft Windows, Linux, OS/2 Warp, and NetWare.
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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATDT:
ATDT stands for Attention Dial Tone. It is a modem command used in Hayes and Hayes-compatible modems to initiate touch-tone dialing when calling a telephone number. Touch-tone dialing sends numeric signals as audio tones and is faster and more commonly used than pulse dialing.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATDP:
ATDP stands for Attention Dial Pulse. It is a modem command used in Hayes and Hayes-compatible modems to start dialing a telephone number using pulse dialing instead of touch-tone dialing. Pulse dialing is the older method used by rotary telephones, where numbers are transmitted as electrical pulses over the telephone line.
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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – AT bus:
The AT bus is the electrical communication pathway used in IBM AT computers and compatible systems to connect the motherboard with peripheral devices such as expansion cards. It functions as a data channel that allows components within the computer to exchange information efficiently. The AT bus was an improvement over the earlier PC bus because it supports 16-bit data transfers, enabling more data to be transmitted at one time compared to the 8-bit capability of the original PC bus. Because it allows additional hardware devices to be connected to the computer system, the AT bus is also commonly referred to as an expansion bus.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATA/IDE hard disk drive:


  • ATA and IDE refer to the same disk drive technology.
  • Designed to integrate the disk controller directly onto the drive.
  • Eliminates the need for a separate controller card.
  • Reduces hardware costs and simplifies system design.
  • Makes firmware management easier and improves system efficiency.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATA hard disk drive card:


  • Expansion card used to control and communicate with an ATA hard disk drive.
  • Provides the interface between the computer system and the ATA drive.
  • Usually designed as an ISA expansion card for installation on the motherboard.
  • Allows the system to send commands and transfer data to the disk drive.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – audiocast:
Audiocast refers to the transmission of audio signals across a network using Internet Protocol technologies. In this process, sound data is converted into digital form and transmitted over network connections so that it can be received and played back by computers or other compatible devices. Audiocasting is commonly used for streaming audio services such as online radio broadcasts, live voice transmissions, or recorded audio content delivered through the Internet.
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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – audio:
Audio refers to sound frequencies that fall within the range of human hearing. The typical range of audible sound for humans is approximately 15 hertz to 20,000 hertz, representing the lowest and highest sound frequencies that can normally be perceived by the human ear. In computing and electronics, the term audio is used to describe signals, devices, and processes related to sound reproduction, recording, and transmission. Audio technology is commonly used in multimedia systems, music playback, voice communication, and sound synthesis applications.


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KembaraXtra-Computer Terms – ATX:
ATX is a specification that defines the physical design and layout of personal computer motherboards and power supplies. Introduced by Intel in 1995, the ATX standard improved upon earlier motherboard designs by providing better system organization, improved airflow for cooling, and more efficient power management. ATX motherboards commonly include integrated components such as audio and video capabilities and support modern connectivity features including Universal Serial Bus ports. The design allows full-length expansion boards to be installed and ensures compatibility among various computer components, making ATX one of the most widely used motherboard standards in personal computers.


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